1, common tungsten alloy products:
Tungsten plate, tungsten crucible, rod, sheet, boat, wire, heater, heat shield, tungsten processing parts, sapphire thermal field and accessories, etc., which are widely used in military, electronic, medical, chemical and other industries. In recent years, the annual output of tungsten alloys in China is over 1500 tons.
2, brief introduction of tungsten alloy:
High specific gravity tungsten alloys are a kind of alloys with tungstenas the matrix (W content 85-99%), and added with Ni, Cu, Co, Mo, Cr and other elements. According to their composition and application, the alloys can be divided into W-Ni-Fe, W-Ni-Cu, W-Co, W-WC-Cu, W-Ag and other major series. The density of the alloys is as high as 16.5-19.0 g/cm 3, which is called high specific gravity alloy.It has a series of excellent characteristics: high specific gravity, high strength, strong ability to absorb radiation, high thermal conductivity, small thermal expansion coefficient, good conductivity, good weldability and processability.
Its main components are classified into two categories:
(1) the W-Ni-Cu system generally contains tungsten 90 to 95%, and the content of nickel and copper is more than 3:2. Copper can reduce the melting point of nickel binder phase and improve the sintering properties of the alloy. The alloy has no ferromagnetism, and its preparation process is simple.
(2) W-Ni-Fe alloys generally contain 90-98% W and 7:3 or 1:1 Ni-Fe ratios. These alloys can be processed by heat treatment and plasticity. On the basis of the above two kinds of alloys, molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, niobium, platinum, ruthenium, palladium and metal oxide (or metal fiber) can be added to improve the technological properties, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the alloys.
The high specific gravity tungsten alloy is prepared by powder metallurgy. The alloy is compacted by liquid phase sintering. The sintering is carried out under the protection of hydrogen. The temperature is generally between 1400 and 1600 degrees. The proportion of sintered alloy can reach more than 99% of the theoretical proportion of alloy. Sintered products can be used directly or as blank for plastic processing. The microstructure of the alloy consists of tungsten phase and binder phase (or matrix phase). The former constitutes a tungsten skeleton to ensure the specific gravity and strength of the alloy, while the latter is formed by alloying elements and tungsten (liquid phase when sintered) and fills with tungsten skeleton, which can improve the strength and plasticity of the alloy.
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